Accounts in modern blockchain systems function as independent actors, each maintaining its own state and executing logic locally before proving the results onchain. The communication model relies on message-based notes rather than global state locks—when one account updates, that change propagates as an asynchronous message to relevant counterparties. This architectural approach naturally enables parallelism since multiple accounts can process transactions simultaneously without waiting for centralized coordination. Each actor operates independently until verification is needed, making the system far more efficient than traditional locked-state designs.