Gate News message: On April 1, Ethereum Foundation researcher CPerezz introduced the “Verifying Only the Validity Portion, Stateless” (VOPS) technical proposal at the EthCC[9] conference. The proposal aims to address the long-term threat that Ethereum’s ever-growing state poses to decentralization, and to lower the storage barrier for running full nodes. VOPS nodes only need to store four fields for each externally owned account (EOA): storage address, Nonce, balance, and the code flag (codeFlag). They do not need to store the full contract code and the storage tree, which can reduce node storage requirements by 25 times. The proposal verifies state transitions using SNARK proofs generated by zkVM or multi-proof verification on Verkle trees, and it updates the local account table using “State Diffs,” without executing full block transactions. In addition, VOPS supports nodes with low hardware configurations to maintain the mempool and connect to the FOCIL mechanism, ensuring that ordinary users can participate in transactions being included. CPerezz said that VOPS is an intermediate stage on Ethereum’s path to fully stateless operation, balancing a node’s ability for autonomous verification with a low participation threshold.
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