Which Layer 1s are actually seeing real adoption on the ground? Looking at daily active users tells a pretty clear story. The rankings reveal an interesting gap between narrative hype and actual user engagement across different chains. Some protocols dominating the headlines aren't necessarily the ones with the most active daily participants. What's driving these differences? On-chain activity, network effects, DApp ecosystem maturity, and transaction costs all play a role. The data snapshot shows which chains have managed to build sticky user bases versus those riding temporary momentum. Worth comparing this against TVL and transaction volumes to get the full picture of network health. The L1 space is fragmenting differently than many predicted—some dark horses are quietly building real traction.